Tone
What else can we call tone in a film?
A tone in a film can also be called brightness
What are the 3 main elements of tone?
The 3 main elements of tone are lighting, exposure, and art direction.
How and why does Cappola use tone in the classic film 'The Godfather'?
Cappola used lighting exposure in the film. He used exposure to control the amount of light in scenes to create different emotions.
How can directors control the feelings of the scene?
The directors can control the feelings of the scene by using the 3 elements of tone.
Contrast
A tone in a film can also be called brightness
What are the 3 main elements of tone?
The 3 main elements of tone are lighting, exposure, and art direction.
How and why does Cappola use tone in the classic film 'The Godfather'?
Cappola used lighting exposure in the film. He used exposure to control the amount of light in scenes to create different emotions.
How can directors control the feelings of the scene?
The directors can control the feelings of the scene by using the 3 elements of tone.
Contrast
What are the ways directors can contrast in a film?
The ways that the directors use to contrast are tone, art direction, blocking, camera and colour.
What is contrasted in Spike Jonze’s ad?
The contrast in Spike Jonze's ad is how boring and dull the person's world compared to the person's personality.
Why did he contrast these things?
He contrasted these things because he wants to show that people can get out to a boring and lifeless world by buying the product.
Insert shot
What is an insert shot?
Over-the-shoulder shot
What is the effect of an OTS shot?
The effect of an OTS shot in a film is to connect and disconnect characters in a scene.
What film aspects shows a disconnect of the characters
By using a dolly shot into a single closeup shot have an effect on the viewers that they are no longer connected.
How does the director of this scene show the disconnection of the characters?
The director of this scene show disconnection of the characters by combining different film aspects.
The director used a dolly shot and used a push in to focus on the man. He then used single close up shot to the girl, creating a disconnection between the characters.
What eventually totally isolates the female characters?
The director brought back the waiter creating a visual connection between the characters, the director then use a close-up shot to the girl, which completely isolates the women.
Dutch angle
The Dutch angle does what?
The dutch angle creates an unsettling feeling to the audience.
What is the Dutch angle?
A Dutch angle is a camera technique that is tilted horizontally.
Who and when created the Dutch angle?
It was used by German Expressionist in the early 1900s.
What 3 things do director needs to consider for the Dutch angle?
First, the director needs to identify the moment. Second, the director needs to consider the moment. Finally, the director needs to enhance the moment.
What 4 things can enhance the Dutch angle?
1. The degree of your tilt, the more you tilt the more unsettling it becomes.
2. Camera level, it gives different feelings for the viewers in each angle.
3. Lens Choice, different lenses create a different look and feel.
4. Depth of field.
Production design
What is production design?
It is the overall visual look of the production
What makes up production design?
The production design is made up of set design, prompts, and wardrobe.
What are the 3 main things production design can help reveal?
Production design sets the mood of the scene, reflects the state of the character, and it articulates the story's themes.
Film Blocking
What are the three ways the director use blocking in a film?
The director uses space, shapes, and line.
What the 3 basic shapes for film blocking?
The 3 basic shapes for film blocking are circles, squares, and triangles.
What are the emotions associated with these shapes?
Circle- it a safer and inclusive feel
Square- It gives a limited space
Triangle- It gives an aggressive feel
What 2 things can blocking help with?
The 2 things are subtext and contrast.
Subtext- by using blocking it guides the actor, the DP, and the art director to your vision.
Contrast- by using blocking it creates an underlying meaning.
Visual Motif
What is a motif?
A motif is an element that has a symbolic significance in a story
Why are they important?
Motifs are important because they support the theme of the story
What makes a great work of art?
Because it creates a greater depth of understanding of a film
Colour
How does the colour in the film affect people?
Colour draws out emotions and creates psychological effects on people
What are the 3 factors of determining colour?
The 3 factors in determining color are hue, saturation and brightness
Why is the blue in the matrix mostly green?
This is because the movies takes place in a digital matrix and the colour associates with codes. Another reason is the green sickly quality in the film reflects the overall state of affairs
Why do some films desaturate?
Some films desaturate to give a cold, rude and gritty look in the movie
What can brightness and lack of brightness show in a film?
Brightness creates an atmosphere that is lively and exciting, however, lack of brightness creates a dramatic atmosphere.
Camera movement
What are the purposes of the whip pan and the slow pan?
The whip pan is used to give an effect of quickly turning and looking at something, while the slow pan is used to give the viewers some time to process the shot.
What is a purpose of the tilt shot?
The purpose of the tilt shot is to reveal something that redirects the viewer's attention.
What does the reverse dolly zoom help show?
It helps show a character having an intense internal experience
What the difference between a Steadicam and a dolly shot?
The dolly shot is taken on a track, moving the camera through space while the Steadicam is taken with a camera stabilized on an operator gliding gracefully through space.
What can the hand-held shot help create for the viewer?
It creates a feeling of anxiety to the viewer
What should directors ask themselves with their camera movement?
The directors should ask themselves if they have insurance if a camera drops or something wrong happens. Another thing the director should ask themselves is how does their camera movement support the story of the movie
Camera movement should be doing what?
Camera movements should be manipulating the viewer's point of attention and telling the movie through different camera movements.
POV or POT
What is the POV shot?
It's a camera shot that shows what the character actually sees
What is a 'point of thought' shot?
A POT shot is a shot that shows how the character thinks to the world rather than how they see it.
Why are they important?
They are important because it helps us understand and feel what the character is going through in the film.
He contrasted these things because he wants to show that people can get out to a boring and lifeless world by buying the product.
Insert shot
What is an insert shot?
An insert shot is an isolated shot that focuses on a specific detail in the scene.
What is the purpose of insert shot?
The purpose of an insert shot is to communicate important narrative information.
What are the 3 main aspects of the insert shot?
The 3 main aspects of an insert shot are composition, colour, and timing
What 3 things help the audience feel about the insert shot?
The 3 things that help the audience feel about the insert shot are shot size, shot angle, and camera movement
Composition of the insert shot helps with what
in a film?
The composition of the insert shot helps with create context and importance in a film
Colour in the insert shot helps with what in a film?
Colour in insert shot helps to draw attention to specific points within the film
How long you dwell on the insert shot helps show what?
How long you dwell in an insert shot will have a direct effect on the viewer's interpretation of its importance.
Over-the-shoulder shot
What is the effect of an OTS shot?
The effect of an OTS shot in a film is to connect and disconnect characters in a scene.
What film aspects shows a disconnect of the characters
By using a dolly shot into a single closeup shot have an effect on the viewers that they are no longer connected.
How does the director of this scene show the disconnection of the characters?
The director of this scene show disconnection of the characters by combining different film aspects.
The director used a dolly shot and used a push in to focus on the man. He then used single close up shot to the girl, creating a disconnection between the characters.
What eventually totally isolates the female characters?
The director brought back the waiter creating a visual connection between the characters, the director then use a close-up shot to the girl, which completely isolates the women.
Dutch angle
The Dutch angle does what?
The dutch angle creates an unsettling feeling to the audience.
What is the Dutch angle?
A Dutch angle is a camera technique that is tilted horizontally.
Who and when created the Dutch angle?
It was used by German Expressionist in the early 1900s.
What 3 things do director needs to consider for the Dutch angle?
First, the director needs to identify the moment. Second, the director needs to consider the moment. Finally, the director needs to enhance the moment.
What 4 things can enhance the Dutch angle?
1. The degree of your tilt, the more you tilt the more unsettling it becomes.
2. Camera level, it gives different feelings for the viewers in each angle.
3. Lens Choice, different lenses create a different look and feel.
4. Depth of field.
Production design
What is production design?
It is the overall visual look of the production
What makes up production design?
The production design is made up of set design, prompts, and wardrobe.
What are the 3 main things production design can help reveal?
Production design sets the mood of the scene, reflects the state of the character, and it articulates the story's themes.
Film Blocking
What are the three ways the director use blocking in a film?
The director uses space, shapes, and line.
What the 3 basic shapes for film blocking?
The 3 basic shapes for film blocking are circles, squares, and triangles.
What are the emotions associated with these shapes?
Circle- it a safer and inclusive feel
Square- It gives a limited space
Triangle- It gives an aggressive feel
What 2 things can blocking help with?
The 2 things are subtext and contrast.
Subtext- by using blocking it guides the actor, the DP, and the art director to your vision.
Contrast- by using blocking it creates an underlying meaning.
Visual Motif
What is a motif?
A motif is an element that has a symbolic significance in a story
Why are they important?
Motifs are important because they support the theme of the story
What makes a great work of art?
Because it creates a greater depth of understanding of a film
Colour
How does the colour in the film affect people?
Colour draws out emotions and creates psychological effects on people
What are the 3 factors of determining colour?
The 3 factors in determining color are hue, saturation and brightness
Why is the blue in the matrix mostly green?
This is because the movies takes place in a digital matrix and the colour associates with codes. Another reason is the green sickly quality in the film reflects the overall state of affairs
Why do some films desaturate?
Some films desaturate to give a cold, rude and gritty look in the movie
What can brightness and lack of brightness show in a film?
Brightness creates an atmosphere that is lively and exciting, however, lack of brightness creates a dramatic atmosphere.
Camera movement
What are the purposes of the whip pan and the slow pan?
The whip pan is used to give an effect of quickly turning and looking at something, while the slow pan is used to give the viewers some time to process the shot.
What is a purpose of the tilt shot?
The purpose of the tilt shot is to reveal something that redirects the viewer's attention.
What does the reverse dolly zoom help show?
It helps show a character having an intense internal experience
What the difference between a Steadicam and a dolly shot?
The dolly shot is taken on a track, moving the camera through space while the Steadicam is taken with a camera stabilized on an operator gliding gracefully through space.
What can the hand-held shot help create for the viewer?
It creates a feeling of anxiety to the viewer
What should directors ask themselves with their camera movement?
The directors should ask themselves if they have insurance if a camera drops or something wrong happens. Another thing the director should ask themselves is how does their camera movement support the story of the movie
Camera movement should be doing what?
Camera movements should be manipulating the viewer's point of attention and telling the movie through different camera movements.
POV or POT
What is the POV shot?
It's a camera shot that shows what the character actually sees
What is a 'point of thought' shot?
A POT shot is a shot that shows how the character thinks to the world rather than how they see it.
Why are they important?
They are important because it helps us understand and feel what the character is going through in the film.
Establishing shot
(Tone has a different meaning)
What is an establishing shot?
An establishing shot establishes a scene in the film. Establishing shot is often used to establish a new location and establish the tone of the film.
Why is it used
Establishing shots are used to introduce a new location in the film.
Why is the establishing shot usually is the most expensive
It's usually the most expensive because it shows everything to the viewers.
(Tone has a different meaning)
What is an establishing shot?
An establishing shot establishes a scene in the film. Establishing shot is often used to establish a new location and establish the tone of the film.
Why is it used
Establishing shots are used to introduce a new location in the film.
Why is the establishing shot usually is the most expensive
It's usually the most expensive because it shows everything to the viewers.
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